Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among people aged 50 and older. This progressive eye condition affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision. AMD can significantly impact daily activities such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces.

At Azul Vision, we specialize in the early detection, management, and treatment of AMD, employing the latest advancements in ophthalmology to preserve your vision and improve your quality of life. Our dedicated team provides personalized care plans tailored to each patient's unique needs, ensuring that you receive the best possible support in managing this condition. Read more below to learn about symptoms, causes, and diagnosis options.

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Deposits of yellow drusen build up under the center of your retina (the macula). This causes the area to become thin and dry. Later, abnormal, fragile blood vessels can grow under the macula which leak fluid or blood in the area, causing vision distortion.

1. Aging: Increased risk with age, especially over 50.
2. Genetics: Family history can elevate risk.
3. Smoking: Doubles the chances of developing AMD.
4. Obesity: Linked to progression from early to late stages.
5. High Blood Pressure: Contributes to development and progression.
6. Poor Diet: Lacking fruits and vegetables or high in unhealthy fats.
7. Sun Exposure: Prolonged UV light exposure.
8. Race: Higher risk in Caucasians.
9. Gender: Women are at higher risk.
10. Cardiovascular Disease: Associated with higher risk.

Diagnosing AMD involves a series of comprehensive eye exams and specialized tests to accurately assess the condition and its progression. Here are the key methods used:

1. Dilated Eye Exam: During this exam, drops are placed in your eyes to dilate (widen) the pupils. This allows the eye care professional to examine the retina and macula for signs of AMD, such as drusen (yellow deposits) or changes in the pigment of the retina.
2. Amsler Grid: This simple test helps detect central vision problems. You look at a grid of straight lines and note if any lines appear wavy, blurred, or missing. Changes in how you see the grid may indicate AMD.
3. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): This non-invasive imaging test uses light waves to take cross-section images of the retina. It provides detailed images of the retina's layers, allowing for the detection of fluid or other abnormalities associated with AMD.
4. Fluorescein Angiography: In this procedure, a special dye is injected into your arm, which travels to the blood vessels in your eye. A camera takes images of the dye as it passes through the blood vessels in the retina, highlighting any leakage or abnormal blood vessels characteristic of wet AMD.
5. Fundus Photography: This involves taking detailed photographs of the retina. These images help document the current state of the retina and macula and can be used to monitor changes over time.
6. Visual Acuity Test: This standard eye chart test measures how well you can see at various distances, helping to assess any loss of sharpness in your central vision.

Regular eye exams are crucial, especially if you have risk factors for AMD. Early detection through these diagnostic tests can lead to timely intervention and better management of the condition. If you notice any changes in your vision, it's important to contact your eye care provider immediately.